Django 教程 1 – 入門, 安裝，建立簡單網頁應用 | Django tutorial 1 – getting start, install and building a simple webapp

feellikelearning August 3, 2020 0 Comments

用pip安裝Django

pip install django

建立一個叫“demo”的新project

django-admin startproject demo

把web server跑起來

cd demo
python manage.py runserver

然後打開點開 http://127.0.0.1:8000，應該能看到以下頁面，說明建立成功了

如果不想用默認的8000，想換一個端口（port），比如1234，可以這樣啟動

python manage.py runserver 1234

建立一個叫“myapp“的app

python manage.py startapp myapp

這個時候，demo目錄下的內容如下

編輯myapp下面的views.py

from django.shortcuts import render
from django.http import HttpResponse

# Create your views here.
def index(response):
    return HttpResponse("<h1>Hello from my first Django app</h1>")

在myapp下面新建一個叫 urls.py 的文件

myapp/urls.py 寫入如下內容

from django.urls import path
from . import views

urlpatterns = [
    path("", views.index, name="index"),
]

注意 urlpatterns 變量名一定不能寫錯，否則會出現以下錯誤

django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured: The included URLconf '<module 'myapp.urls' from '/<project path>/demo/myapp/urls.py'>' does not appear to have any patterns in it. If you see valid patterns in the file then the issue is probably caused by a circular import.

打開demo/urls.py

demo/urls.py 修改為如下

from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include

urlpatterns = [
    path('admin/', admin.site.urls),
    path('', include("myapp.urls")),
]

瀏覽器里刷新 django 網頁

到這裡，我們就用Django做好一個能用的web app了。這裡每個網頁views.py裡面用HttpResponse輸出html，這肯定是不scalable。而且這樣很能加入javascript/css。解決辦事是我們需要html template。下一片文章將會介紹在Django html template。